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1.72万只私募基金仅三成去年实现正收益******

　　记者王宁

　　1月11日，私募排排网发布的2022年年度私募基金业绩榜单显示，有业绩更新的1.72万只私募证券投资基金，去年全年平均收益率为-8.03%。其中，有5080只私募基金取得了正收益，占比为29.49%。从策略分类来看，债券型基金去年整体业绩领先，而股票多类策略基金表现偏弱。

　　多位业内人士向《证券日报》记者表示，2022年权益市场整体走弱，市场风险偏好下行，驱动部分资金流入债券市场，因此债券型基金全年业绩表现尚可。

　　私募排排网数据显示，1.72万只私募证券投资基金首尾业绩相差761.6%。在正收益产品中，有73只产品去年全年收益超100%，170只收益介于50%至100%之间，804只收益介于20%至50%之间，1129只收益介于10%至20%之间；而在负收益产品中，315只去年全年收益低于-50%，4850只收益介于-20%至-50%之间，5327只收益介于-10%至-20%之间。

　　从策略分类来看，1049只债券型产品去年全年平均收益为14.96%，正收益占比为70.46%，远高于其他策略整体收益。其次，1835只期货及衍生品策略产品去年全年平均收益为6.39%，正收益占比为60.31%。

　　此外，11524只股票多头策略基金产品整体收益表现偏弱，去年全年平均收益率仅为-13.47%。相比之下，虽然多资产策略和组合基金策略也未能实现正收益，但表现明显好于股票多头策略。数据显示，2039只多资产策略产品去年全年平均收益率为-3%，其中正收益占比为40.02%；777只组合型基金去年全年平均收益率为-5.55%，正收益占比为28.96%。

　　有分析人士表示，虽然股票多头策略在2022年全年表现不佳，但去年11月份以来，伴随利好政策陆续出台、市场预期改善，A股和港股逐步开启反弹势头，不少股票多头策略私募基金也逐渐收复失地，部分产品甚至已扭亏为盈。不仅如此，进入2023年，多家海内外头部机构也开始积极看多A股、港股，股票多头策略私募基金有望在今年一扫阴霾。

　　值得一提的是，从首尾业绩差来看，债券策略和多资产策略产品首尾业绩分化明显，具体来看：债券型基金首尾业绩差高达6倍以上，组合策略基金由于是分散投资，首尾业绩差在五大策略中最小。而在单产品业绩榜单的Top50中，有38只产品2022年业绩实现翻倍，10只产品实现2倍以上收益。

　　钜阵资本首席投资官龙舫告诉《证券日报》记者，2022年私募业绩整体表现欠佳，但同时也应看到，私募产品业绩表现两极分化严重，例如排名前十的私募产品收益均在100%以上，遥遥领先于其他类基金，但排名靠后的10只产品收益率均在-80%以下，亏损幅度也远超其他类基金。

中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.